I’m trying to get my Intel Mac mini to boot from it. I’ve tried plugging in the drive, then holding down alt as I start the Mac, but it doesn’t show up in the list of bootable drives. (I’ve got a working Windows XP Boot Camp partition on the Mac mini’s internal drive, as well as the Mac partition).
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OS X can start up your Mac in a myriad of ways, some of which our ongoing tutorial series has discussed already in detail such as using built-in Startup Manager to pick a disk to startup your Mac from and booting into Safe, Verbose and Target Disk modes.
Today we get to talk about starting your Mac up from external storage like optical media or an external USB-based hard drive or flash storage.
Booting from an external storage allows you to start up your Mac in another version or copy of OS X, troubleshoot certain issues and more.
Requirements
Starting up your Mac from an external disk requires the following:
- Intel-based Mac
- Bootable optical media (CD or DVD) on Macs equipped with Apple’s Super Drive or a USB thumb drive formatted with a GUID partition type and containing an OS X installer or a usable operating system.
Apple advises against booting from external storage containing a version of Mac OS X earlier than the one your Mac shipped with.
How to start up your Mac from a bootable CD/DVD
Step 1: Turn on your Mac by pressing the power button, or restart it if it’s already on by choosing Restart in the Apple menu.
Step 2: Press and hold the C key on your keyboard immediately upon hearing the startup chime. Your Mac should start up from the OS X installer CD/DVD media. You can also press the left mouse button on a wired mouse during the startup in order to open the disc tray.
Tip: You can easily burn a bootable image of OS X to a DVD using Disk Utility.
How to start up your Mac from an external USB storage device
If your USB thumb drive, USB-based external disk or flash storage contains a usable operating system or an OS X installer, you can select it at boot time using OS X’S built-in feature called Startup Manager, which can be invoked via a simple keystroke.
Step 1: Turn on your Mac by pressing the power button by choosing Restart in the Apple menu, or restart it if it’s already on.
Step 2: Press and hold the Option (⌥) key immediately upon hearing the startup chime. Release the key after Startup Manager appears. Startup Manager will scan and list connected drives and volumes that can be booted from, as shown below.
Step 3: Highlight the volume you want to use by using your mouse or trackpad, or left and right arrow keys on the keyboard.
Step 4: Double-click or press the Return key to boot your Mac from the selected volume.
Tip: If there are several USB storage devices connected to your Mac, Startup Manager will only list the ones containing bootable volumes.
Full tutorial:how to pick a startup disk for your Mac at boot time.
How to start up your Mac from an external volume using System Preferences
You can use System Preferences to tell your Mac to automatically use optical media or an USB-based external disk or flash storage every time it’s restarted.
Step 1: Open the System Preferences application in the Dock.
Step 2: Now click the Startup Disk pane. You will be presented with various disk icons.
Step 3: Select the system you would like to use to start your computer up.
Step 4: Now click the Restart button to start up your Mac using the chosen volume.
Tip: Your Mac will now always boot into the selected startup disk until you change it in System Preferences, or temporarily override it through Startup Manager.
Full tutorial: Volume control options windows 7 2. how to choose a startup disk using System Preferences.
Troubleshooting startup issues
Should you run into problems whilst attempting to boot your Mac from an external storage device, consult our FAQ below to help troubleshoot any start up issues you may be plagued with.
Is the storage device to an external power supply?
Depending on its model and power requirements, it may be necessary to connect your USB storage device to an external power supply.
Is the storage device connected and turned on?
Make sure your external storage is turned on and connected to your Mac. USB-based external hard disks usually have the power on/off button at the back of the enclosure.
Does your disk need repair?
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If your Mac doesn’t boot from an external volume or the drive doesn’t show up in Startup Manager even though it contains a bootable copy of OS X, it might need repair.
The first order of business should be attempting to repair disk permissions in Disk Utility. In the worst case scenario, you might need to reinstall OS X on the external volume.
Did you try using a different USB port?
If you own a MacBook or MacBook Pro notebook, try using a different USB port if you cannot startup from the external USB storage device.
Has the disk been formatted with a GUID partition type?
Intel-based Macs support starting from an external USB storage device’s volume that has been formatted with a GUID partition type.
Does your Mac shut down automatically upon connecting the disk?
Apple states that a MacBook Air contains a preventive measure which prompts the computer to shut down automatically if the connected USB storage device has issue or if the USB port on the MacBook Air itself is damaged.
Are you using Boot Camp?
If you’re using Boot Camp in a dual-boot Windows/OS X environment, you may be unable to boot natively into supported versions of Microsoft Windows XP, Windows Vista or Windows 10 operating systems installed on external USB hard drive.
Are you using an external USB hub?
Using an external hub to connect several USB storage devices may cause your Mac to fail to recognize them at boot time. Try connecting the USB drive to another port on the hub. Should that fail, connect the disk directly into your Mac’s USB port. Keep in mind that some USB hubs and external USB storage devices need an external power supply, depending on their power requirements.
Is the disk connect to the keyboard’s USB port?
Both wired and wireless Apple Keyboard, and some other keyboards with built-in USB ports, may not supply enough power to some external USB hard drives.
Is the disk bootable?
Latest updates for windows xp. Make sure the external drive you’re trying to start from contains a usable operating system. Volumes that aren’t bootable and don’t contain a copy of a valid operating system aren’t listed in Startup Disk or Startup Manager.
Are you using wireless keyboard?
If you use an Apple Wireless Keyboard or another Bluetooth keyboard with your Mac, keystrokes won’t be recognized during the startup process because Bluetooth isn’t initialized at boot time. Connect a wired keyboard or use the built-in keyboard if you own a Mac notebook. The same disclaimer applies to holding the left button on a wireless mouse at boot time to open the disc tray.
Other ways to start up your Mac
Your Mac can start up in a number of different ways, including the following methods that our tutorials provide step-by-step instructions for:
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- Safe Mode--Invoked by pressing and holding the Shift (⇧) key after hearing the startup chime, Safe Mode disables certain features of OS X and loads only essential components to make troubleshooting software issues simpler. It also includes an automatic disk check and repair which might resolve boot problems and allow you to start up your computer successfully.
- Verbose Mode--Verbose Mode is a text-only environment which displays status messages as the startup process progresses. Press and hold the Command (⌘) – V key combination after hearing the startup chime to enter Verbose Mode. This mode is commonly used to troubleshoot startup issues and resolve problems with kernel extensions and custom hardware while allowing you to see exactly what’s going on behind the scenes as OS X loads its components.
- Target Disk Mode--Target Disk Mode allows a Mac to be used as an external hard disk connected to another Mac. To enter Target Disk Mode, turn on your Mac and hold down the T key immediately upon hearing the startup chime. Once the computer is in Target Disk Mode and available as an external volume to the host Mac, you can copy files to or from that volume. Any Mac with a FireWire or Thunderbolt port can be started up in Target Disk Mode.
- Startup Manager--OS X’s built-in Startup Manager allows you pick a volume to start your Mac up from at boot time, which temporarily overrides your startup disk defaults set in System Preferences. Just turn on your Mac, hold the Option (⌥) key after the startup chime and release it after Startup Manager appears.
- System Preferences--To change your default startup disk, use the Startup Disk pane in the System Preferences application. Your Mac will boot into the selected disk until you choose another one or temporarily override your selection using Startup Manager at boot time.
We will be covering more ways to start up your Mac in future tutorials.
See also:
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Think you can just plug a standard Linux live USB drive into your Mac and boot from it? Think again. You’ll need to go out of your way to create a live Linux USB drive that will boot on a Mac.
This can be quite a headache, but we’ve found a graphical utility that makes this easy. You’ll be able to quickly boot Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Kali Linux, and other mainstream Linux distributions on your Mac.
The Problem
RELATED:How to Create Bootable USB Drives and SD Cards For Every Operating System
Apple’s made it difficult to boot non-Mac OS X operating systems off of USB drives. While you can connect an external CD/DVD drive to your Mac and boot from standard Linux live CDs and USBs, simply connecting a Linux live USB drive created by standard tools like Universal USB Installer and uNetbootin to a Mac won’t work.
There are several ways around this. For example, Ubuntu offers some painstaking instructions that involve converting the USB drive’s file system and making its partitions bootable, but some people report these instructions won’t work for them. There’s a reason Ubuntu recommends just burning a disc.
rEFInd should allow you to boot those USB drives if you install it on your Mac. But you don’t have to install this alternative UEFI boot manager on your Mac. The solution below should allow you to create Linux live USB drives that will boot on modern Macs without any additional fiddling or anything extra — insert, reboot, and go.
Use Mac Linux USB Loader
RELATED:How to Use Your Mac’s Disk Utility to Partition, Wipe, Repair, Restore, and Copy Drives
A tool named “Mac Linux USB Loader” by SevenBits worked well for us. This Mac application will allow you to create USB drives with your preferred Linux distro on them from within Mac OS X in just a few clicks. You can then reboot and boot those USB drives to use the Linux distribution from the live system.
Note: Be sure to move the Mac Linux USB Loader application to your Applications folder before running it. This will avoid a missing “Enterprise Source” error later.
First, insert the USB drive into your Mac and open the Disk Utility application. Check that the USB drive is formatted with an MS-DOS (FAT) partition. If it isn’t, delete the partition and create a FAT partition — not an ExFAT partition.
Next, open the Mac Linux USB Loader application you downloaded. Select the “Create Live USB” option if you’ve already downloaded a Linux ISO file. If not, select the “Distribution Downloader” option to easily download Linux distribution ISOs for use with this tool.
Select the Linux distribution’s ISO file you downloaded and choose a connected USB drive to put the Linux system on.
Choose the appropriate options and click “Begin Installation” to continue. Mac Linux USB Loader will create a bootable USB drive that will work on your Mac and boot into that Linux distribution without any problems or hacks.
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Before booting the drive, you may want to change some other options here. For example, you can set up “persistence” on the drive and part of the USB drive will be reserved for your files and settings. This only works for Ubuntu-based distributions.
Click “Persistence Manager” on the main screen, choose your drive, select how much of the drive should be reserved for persistent data, and click “Create Persistence” to enable this.
Booting the Drive
RELATED:How to Install and Dual Boot Linux on a Mac
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To actually boot the drive, reboot your Mac and hold down the Option key while it boots. You’ll see the boot options menu appear. Select the connected USB drive. The Mac will boot the Linux system from the connected USB drive.
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If your Mac just boots to the login screen and you don’t see the boot options menu, reboot your Mac again and hold down the Option key earlier in the boot process.
This solution will allow you to boot common Linux USB drives on your Mac. You can just boot and use them normally without modifying your system.
Exercise caution before attempting to install a Linux system to your Mac’s internal drive. That’s a more involved process.
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